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5.31.2022

Focus on the keffiyeh, this typical Palestinian scarf

A traditional Arab headdress, the keffiyeh has become over the years the emblem of the Palestinians. How did this typical scarf become the symbol of a whole people? What is its history? Here is everything you need to know about the keffiyeh.

The keffiyeh: what is its origin?

If today the keffiyeh is undoubtedly linked to Palestine, its origins would be rather on the side of Iraq. Indeed, the word designating this headgear means “relative to Kufa”, in reference to the Iraqi city. Several stories surround the birth of this typical scarf. For some, it was born in the 7th century during a battle between Arabs and Persians near Kufa, for others, it was born 5000 years ago in Mesopotamia. It would then have been worn by Sumerian and Babylonian priests.

Although the keffiyeh is not specifically linked to a social status, it is important to remember that it has long been used by peasants and Bedouins. The keffiyeh played a protective role, covering the head and neck from the sun.

Later, in 1936, during the First World War and the Arab revolt against British colonial rule, the keffiyeh was worn by Palestinian nationalists. They used it to hide their faces and not to be arrested. It is from this key moment, that the keffiyeh is adopted en masse by the Palestinians, becoming a symbol of solidarity.

The keffiyeh: what does it mean?

If you look closely at a keffiyeh, you can see different patterns on the fabric. Black seams highlighted by the white cotton, which would have many meanings. The “fishing net” pattern would symbolize the link between the Palestinian sailor and the Mediterranean Sea. The olive leaves would illustrate perseverance, strength and resilience. Finally, the wide and thick line would refer to the trade route that crosses Palestine, a sign of wealth, travel and cultural exchange.

Who wears the keffiyeh?

The keffiyeh was popularized in the 1960s by Palestinian leader Arafat, who wore it to every event. But this typical scarf, although linked to Palestine, goes beyond the borders. In the Arab world, it is also used in Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, as well as in the United Arab Emirates, which prefer an immaculate version.

In the West, in the early 2000s, designers have not hesitated to seize the keffiyeh, propelling it to the rank of iconic piece. A fashion accessory, which then moves away from the traditional colors and patterns.

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Published on 31 May 2022